some和any的用法口诀有什么区别|some和any的用法口诀

高考英语 2021-12-18 00:12:48

some通常用于肯定句，any则用于否定句或疑问句。但随着学习的深入，我们发现，情况并不完全如此，上述说法只能算是对some和any用法的一个不太准确和完整的概括。由于some和any是英语中比较常用的词，我们有必要对其用法作出较完善的归纳。一、s...

some和any的用法口诀

some和any都暗示 “一些” ,可是“some”用于肯定句 ,any用于否定句和疑问句。some用在肯定句里，any用在否定句和疑问句里。并且将这条法例作为解题的定理。

some和any的一般用法

1.some和any是限制词，它们与不成数名词和名词复数连用。它们的意思与不定冠词a/an大致不异。试较量：

I haven't got a car.我没有汽车。(单数可数名词)

Have you got anyaspirins?你有阿司匹林吗?(复数名词)

I need some medicine.我必要一点儿药。(不成数名词)

sme一般用在肯定句中；any用在疑问句和否定句中。试较量:

I wantsome razor-blades.我要几个刀片。

Have you got any razor- blades?你有刀片吗?

Sorry， I haven' t got any razor- blades.对不起，我没有刀片。

当我们等待一个正面答复或要鼓励人家说“是”时，才在疑问句中用some。

Could I have some brown rice， please?请给我一些糙米，好吗？

Have you got someglasses you could lend me?你有没有几只玻璃杯可以借给我?

Would you likesome more beer?你还要再来点啤酒吗?

在实际上含否定意思的肯定句中要用any，例如可与 never，without， hardly， prevent等词连用。在与if连用的句子中，some和amy都可用。

Younever give me any help.你从未给过我任何援助。

We got there without anytrouble.我们到了那儿，未碰着任何烦。

There's hardly anytea left.几近没剩下什么茶。

The noise of the party preventedme from getting any sleep.晚会的吵闹声使我根柢睡不着。

If you want some/anyhelp, let me know.你假如必要一些(任何)援助，就奉告我。

请属意：假如some用作限制词(放在名词前，或在词组some more中)，一般要弱读成[sm]。

2.出格当我们谈到不愿定的、未肯定的、未知的数目或数量时，用some和any。试较量：

You' ve got somegreat jazz record.你有一些很好的爵土乐唱片。

You' ve got beautiful toes.你的脚趾头真标致。(假如某人说"You've got some beautiful toes，这就意味着哪几个脚趾头是标致的还不可肯定—也许六个或七个，但不是全数十个。)

Would you like some morebeer?( as much as you like)你还要再来点啤酒吗?

We need beer, sugar, butter, eggs, rice, and toilet paper.(=the usual quantities）我们必要啤酒、糖、黄油、鸡蛋、大米和卫生纸。

Have you got anyanimals?你养什么动物了吗?

Do you like animals?(= all animals)你喜欢动物吗？

3.some和any可以用作代词

“Beer?"—“Thanks， I've got some！”“酒?”—“感谢，我有一些。

“Did you get the oil?”—“No， they hadn't got any.”“你弄到油了吗?”—“没有，他们一点也没有。”

在另一限制词(冠词，指示词或物主词)或代词前，我们用some of和 any of 。

Would you like some of thesecigarettes?这些卷烟，你是否是来几根？

I couldn't understand any of thelectures.这些申报我一个也不懂。

Have some of myice-cream.来点我的冰激凌。

I don't think any of uswant(s) to work tomorrow.我以为我们中没有任何人明天还要工作。

请属意：当any of前面跟复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数。在正式文体中，单数的动词更常用。

If any of your friends is/areinterested, let me know.假如你有任何同伙感快乐喜爱，请奉告我。

当some用作代词(零丁或与of连用)时，要重读成[sm]。试较量：

We need some oil.[sm]我们必要一些油。

I've lost some of the oil.[sm]我损失了一些油。

4.在否定句中，no或none可用来庖代 not any，语气更强。

no是限制词，none是代词。试较量：

We haven't got anytime.我们没有时辰。

We' ve got notime at all.我们一点时辰也没有。

There aren't anyleft.什么也没剩下。

There are noneleft—not one.没剩下，连一个也没剩下。

(请记住：any凡是与不成数名词和复数名词连用，而不与单数可数名词连用。我们说 I haven' t got a car，不可说I havent got any car.）

要剖明no的含义，不可零丁用any；需用not来剖明否定的意思。

典型偏差： I had anyideas； my head was completely empty.

应为:I didn't have anyideas…或 I had no ideas…）

some和any的用法怎么区分

一、some和any作为形收容词或代词，可以用来说明或庖代复数名词或不成数名词，暗示不定量，意为“一些”，其区分是：对其所说明或庖代的名词持肯定态度时，用some；持非肯定（否定或疑问）态度时，用any。

在以下句子中行使some：

1.肯定句（包含肯定的述说句和祈使句以及反意疑问句中肯定的述说部分）。如：

There are some new books on the teacher's desk.

We have a lot of sugar. Take some with you, please.

He bought some bread, didn't he?

2.持肯定态度的一般疑问句。如：

Are there some stamps in that drawer?

Didn't she give you some money?

3.暗示要求或倡议的一般疑问句，凡是都停顿获取对方肯定的回覆，所以也用some。如：

May I ask you some questions?

Would you like some tea?

4.出格疑问句及选择疑问句。因为出格疑问句和选择疑问句并差池some所说明或庖代的名词暗示疑问。如：

Where can I get some buttons?

Do you have some pens or pencils?

在以下句子中行使ANY：

1.否定句（包含否定的述说句和祈使句以及反意疑问句中否定的述说部分）。如：

I can't give you any help now.

Do not make any noise.

There weren't any trees here, were there?

2.含有除not以外的其他否定词或否定结构的句子。如：

Jim hardly makes any mistakes in his homework.

He went to London without any money in his pocket.

She was too poor to buy any new clothes.

3.一般疑问句（持肯定态度的除外）。如：

Did she buy any tomatoes yesterday?

I want some paper. Do you have any?

4.条件状语从句。如：

If you are looking for any ink, you can find it on my desk.

If there are any good apples there, get me two kilos, please.

因为条件句“假如……”剖明的也是不肯定的态度。所以，假如措辞者持肯定的态度或等待获取肯定的回覆时，则可以用some。如：

Bring me two pieces of paper if you have some.

5.whether/if（是否）指点的名词从句。如：

It is still unknown whether they have found any proof.

He asked if he could drink any cool water.

二、some还可暗示“某些”或用在单数名词前暗示“某一个”。any则可用于暗示“任何一些”或“（至少3个中）任何一个”，两者都可用于肯定或非肯定的句子中。如：

I don't like some of them.

He is working at some place in the north.

Any criminal(s) will be punished.

You can take any of these.

三、some和any也可作为副词，用于较量级前，暗示程度，意为“稍许，几分”，用法与其作形收容词或代词暗示“一些”时根底不异。如：

He feels some better now.

She was so tired that she could not go any further.

some还可以用在数字之前，意为“大约”。如：

He is some forty years old.

四、由some-和any-构成的复合不定代词和不定副词，其用法区分多与some和any不异。如：

Something is wrong with her eyes.

There is not anybody in this room.

Have you seen it anywhere?

Haven't you forgotten something?（持肯定态度）